In this video, Sigrid talks about the different types of two-dimensional shapes and some basic geometry.

We can use dots and circles to describe things figuratively. Sigrid gives us examples with expressions like "connect the dots" and "inner circle."

A square is a shape, of course, but there are plenty of ways we use squares to describe things figuratively. Let's look at some examples of when and how we do this.

What expressions are related to the word "line"? We use "line" when talking about the laundry, behavior, or even time.

The senses of sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell are essential in experiencing the world around us. Let's consider them one by one and learn how to use them in conversation. We start with "sight" and "hearing."

This segment is about the sense of smell and the sense of taste. When it comes to the five senses, every language seems to have some quirks, and English is no exception. For example, we use the same verb — "to smell" — to talk about perceiving an odor ("I smell the lemon") and giving off an odor ("The lemon smells delicious").

We use a combination of the five senses to understand what is happening around us. If one sense is weak or lacking, we compensate with another sense.

What is the passive voice all about? Sigrid takes us through the basics, step by step. In the active voice, we focus on "who" does something and in the passive voice we focus on "what" someone does.

Although we use the passive tense in the present tense, it's used in other tenses, too, and that's what we look at in this lesson.

Here are some examples of sentences using both the active and passive voices. Different tenses are used, too!

What are causatives? Causal verbs are used to cause things to happen. They're used in causative constructions. Although there are various specific verbs in this category, we commonly use four ordinary verbs for this: ("have," "let," "get," and "make"). Let's make some sense of them.

Now that you have an idea about what causal verbs and causal constructions are, let's give them some context. We're still using the verbs "have," "let," "get," and "make," and the theme is housepainting.

Let's look "under the hood," and see how to build causative constructions using "have," "let," "get," and "make."

Sigrid introduces passive causative constructions, which combine causal verbs and the passive voice. We use them all the time in everyday conversation when we focus on the object rather than the subject.

This segment lays out the building blocks of a passive causative construction. We also compare and contrast causative constructions with other similar constructions. Sigrid uses the expression "to mix and match," which means putting different things together in different ways.